Last Post

Summer’s almost over so here’s my last post.  After gathering lots of information and researching all summer long I’ve come to realize that poetry is very tricky.  There are few words on the page and so much of it is bound by cultural context.  The books that I’ve used have been really helpful in providing commentary, but I’ve had to get into a mindset to think about what the writer is saying and what they’re not saying.

In my research I’ve found that on one hand, the Ci poems reflect the restrictions placed on women due to their role in society. As women, they had certain roles and were supposed to stay inside the home and were restricted. Poets often portray women as sensuous lovers or lonely women left behind.  There is no strong woman who escapes from the confines of society and is praised for it. Some men regard women as property without a second thought.  In this way, the poems reflect the reality of Chinese society in the Song Dynasty.  However on the other hand, since women sung and sometimes composed these poems the Ci poems also act as a voice for women.  One woman poet Li Qingzhao repeated herself in her poems to ensure that her voice would be remembered.  Interestingly these two opposites can be found in the Ci song-poems.

Of course there is so much more to explore about the Song dynasty, China, ci poetry, and women in Chinese culture, but unfortunately my project can’t cover it all!

I’ve discovered several books at my local library to help add to my research.  One is a book of Chinese poems translated to English.  The author has also included helpful commentary about the poems and the poets as well as the time period the poems are written in.  Sometimes poetry can be really dense, especially when written about an entirely different culture, but the commentaries help a lot.  Additionally, I’ve researched the Song dynasty to clue myself into the background of the culture more and what was happening in history in China at the time.  I’ve been gathering data on history in general, but am much more interested in what Chinese women did or what roles they played.  Sometimes the historical accounts don’t focus on women, especially since so much of their lives took place in the home, or the “inner circle.”

Well, I’m learning lots and will be wrapping up research soon.

Ci Poetry and Women

This summer I’m researching ci style poems, also known as song lyric poems, from the Song dynasty and how they portray women.  My main source has been Voices of the Song Lyric in China by Pauline Yu.
It was recommended to me by my project advisor and is full of all sorts of information.  The book is divided into three sections.  The first section discusses the literary origins of the ci genre and characteristics of the poem genre.  The book also discusses what Pauline Yu calls the “musicalization of poetry.” (apparently “musicalization” is not a word according to spell-check, but the internet and print both aree it is…) By “musicalization” this she means that the words of the poems themselves have their own rhythm or music.  Ci poems also were later pared with actual music.  The third section discusses the geographic origins of this type of poetry.

The most interesting section is the second, which focuses on gender and voice of ci poems. One part of the book argues that ci poems contain some of the “strongest expressions” by a female speaker because of the use of “I.”  Many of the poems contain suggestive imagery and are about women’s beauty or women and their lovers.  Poems were written by both men and women.  However, when Ling Ch’ing-chao, a female poet, wrote song lyric poems, she was criticized for”using at will the dissolute language of vulgar neighborhoods [entertainment quarters]” by her contemporary Wang Cho, a man.   Ling Ch’ing-chao’s poetry was no more offensive than any other poets, but it was her gender that made the poetry so offensive. There’s lots more information on this subject and I look forward to doing more research!